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ComBoard
ComBoard
ComBoard

Lead UX Research & Design (solo)
Figma

May - Oct 2024
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Animated preview of creating a budget in three taps on the desktop site
Desktop Design (click for prototype [under construction])
Problem: Improve a disabled student's communication options

Tobii device induces strain due to small focus targets and reliance on fine motor control; additionally, both Tobiii and plexiglass board are unwieldy, limiting options for eye-based communication in most environments.

Solution & Goal

Design a "pocket sized" digital keyboard that limits strain; it should be responsive and easily personalized to preferred eye movements, visual aids, layout, and focus targets sizes.

Results:
980% increase in use compared to prior tools from 2x/month (spring 2024) to 5x/week (spring 2025)
Who is this for?
Who is this for?
Who is this for?

(Ellie is a persona created to protect the identity of the real individual I worked with)
I worked with "Ellie" from May 2024-June 2025 as her full-time, in-school aide. During that time, she completed over 20 courses ranging from Calculus II and Neuroscience to Liberation Theologies and Art History. Not to mention Poetry and Painting class and her Independent Study course. Throughout her senior year, she used her eye gaze to complete Calculus assessments, write essays and poems, to create posters and presentations, and to contribute to classroom conversations.

My job was to notice, to listen, and to collaborate with her to translate her thoughts and ideas so that the world could hear them too. We primarily used left/right selections with hand signals to communicate. Multiple times a week I asked her to assess my efficacy as her aide with the following questions on a scale of 1-5: "Did I interpret your ideas correctly?" "How am I doing as your interpreter?" "How well does this sentence represent what you meant to say?"

ComBoard was used to write essays, chat during free time, and answer free response prompts.

A persona card introduces Ellie, a 16 year old student with cerebral palsy who needs a lightweight, intuitive communication app. The card shows her goals and frustrations.
Empathy & Research
Empathy & Research
Empathy & Research

Methods
Recurring user interviews
Competitive audit of AAC (augmentative and alternative communication) devices and tools

Key insights

Communication boards have limited word categories and lack spelling options for free expression.

Design decision:
Create a keyboard that integrates predictive text.
Many devices require fine motor control to select from many on-screen or on-page options.

Design decision:
Cluster letters to make selection more accessible to users with limited motor control.
Communication boards often have juvenile visual aids.

Design decision:
Custom design minimalist icons to aid in pairing letters to sounds.
Many devices are distracting and cluttered, creating strain for users with limited sustained gaze.

Design decision:
Animate the interface to clear away distractions after each gaze selection.
Many devices and tools limit social interaction by blocking the user's face and view.

Design decision:
Create an app that anyone can download on any device so that the communication partner can hold the device instead of blocking the disabled individual's face.
Journey Map
Journey Map
Journey Map
A journey map showing the tasks ellie will have to undertake to communicate a thought using current tools and processes.A journey map showing the tasks ellie will have to undertake to communicate a thought using current tools and processes.
Results:
Ellie is frustrated and exhausted by current communication methods that further create distance between her and her aspirations. She wants to communicate independently and in real time.

Problem Definition & Success Metrics

Problem Definition & Success Metrics

Problem Definition & Success Metrics

How might we…
design an AAC app that minimizes eye strain, integrates AI for predictive text and smart gaze tracking, and adapts to the unique needs of the individual so that they can communicate efficiently and independently without obscuring their face?

Quantitative Goal:
Double instances of spelling to communicate from 2x/month (spring 2024) to 4x/month (spring 2025)

Results:
980% increase in spelling instances using ComBoard 5x/week by spring 2025 on aide's phone and student's school tablet compared to 2x/month spelling instances when relying on heavy, bulky, plexiglass board.  

Qualitative Goal:
User preference rating at least 20% higher than other methods.

Results:
Method preferences were scored by the user Tobii (1/5), Plexiglass board (3/5),
ComBoard (5/5)

A line graph shows device usage per month from may 2024 to june 2025. The student requested to use tobii device the least and the line is nearly horizontal at zero, her plexiglass board occasionally, and the digital comboard most often and the line graph shows a peak of 24 uses in jan 2025. Plexiglass board usage decreased as digital board usage increased.  There is a dip in com board use during dec 2024.

Based on observational data. Mid-summer 2024, the student began consistently choosing to use the digital ComBoard over the plexiglass. Once school started, this became the exclusive choice for spelling tasks in school, but it is my understanding that the plexiglass solution was still used at home.

Design Process

Design Process

Mobile App Design

Animated preview of creating a budget in three taps on the desktop site
Animated preview of creating a budget in three taps on the desktop site

Ideation & Drafting (Week 1)

Draft 1 was a communication board on google slides. Ellie would use eye gaze to select a category and her aide would click it leading to a new page with more options. This is a common format for communication boards.

This design is limited and not scalable as I would have to manually add each category and word option. The keyboard design puts more power back in the hands of the user.

A page from the figma design file shows a picture of the original paper and pen sketches for keyboard icons and an early iteration of the digital components.

Custom Designing Icons (Week 2)

After learning that Ellie struglles with spelling, we decided that small icons on each key of the board would help.

I sketched up some ideas on paper, illustrated them directly in Figma, and began to test layouts with Ellie to find the right balance between the letter, the icon, and white space on each key.  

A page from the figma design file shows a picture of the original paper and pen sketches for keyboard icons and an early iteration of the digital components.

UI (Week 3 - 7)

Atomic design allowed me to apply changes in real time in collaboration with Ellie - maintaining consistency at each iteration.

Ellie indicated the following preferences for the key layout: 
1. Alphabet-based organization to help her find the letters where she would expect them to be.
2. Diverse clusters to limit misinterpretation by an eye tracker, predictive text, or a communication partner.
3. Include all english sounds as keys, like "TH," to speed up spelling.  

A page from the figma design file shows a picture of the original paper and pen sketches for keyboard icons and an early iteration of the digital components.

Interaction & User Testing (Week 8 - 12)

With Ellie's go-ahead, I got to work making the text field interactive enough to test the usability of the design.

She rated the transition from main board to "selected card" view a 5/5, verifying that the reduction in clutter decreased her strain significantly.

Sticker Sheet

Sticker Sheet

Sticker Sheet

Every button, tile, and card layout, along with their interaction states, used in both the mobile and desktop designs. This sticker sheet makes modifying and personalizing the ComBoard hassle-free, allowing me to continuously provide the student with a tool that best suits her needs as she is able to communicate them to me over time.  

Sticker Sheet

Sticker Sheet

Sticker Sheet

Every button, tile, and card layout, along with their interaction states, used in both the mobile and desktop designs. This sticker sheet makes modifying and personalizing the ComBoard hassle-free, allowing me to continuously provide the student with a tool that best suits her needs as she is able to communicate them to me over time.  

Learnings

Learnings

Learnings

Seeing Ellie gain confidence with ComBoard, increasing speed and words per session.
Being able to hold my phone or her tablet with ComBoard prototype open, without blocking her face, easily and in any location with just one click.  
Seeing gains in interpretation accuracy. Fall 2024, Ellie rated my interpretation 3/5 and suggested we need more practice. By Spring 2025, her rating rose to 5/5 with ComBoard as her preferred solution.

Next Steps

Next Steps

Next Steps

Improve mobile layout; the utility buttons are cramped, creating an accessibility obstacle; the text field needs to be re-imaged to support focused spelling, sentence tracking, and predictive text options.

Mobile Layout & Text Field

Designing several more "presets" and work with other developers to find the best way to put power in the hands of users to personalize the layout and function to fit their unique needs.

Robust Personalization

Interview 5 additional individuals who use AAC devices to understand their needs and let them guide further design decisions. Later, moderated usability studies will guide iteration.

More User Interviews & Usability Study

Publish as a website and as a downloadable app for Ellie to continue using with other communication partners.

Dev Collab

Budget App
ComBoard
Svetim Logos